Recent research highlights concerns about weight regain among individuals discontinuing GLP-1 medications such as Ozempic and Zepbound. A study published in The BMJ emphasizes that many people revert to their original weight shortly after stopping these weight loss drugs. With a significant portion of the population unable to maintain their weight loss, the findings raise important questions about the long-term efficacy of these treatments.
Researchers analyzed data from 37 studies involving 9,341 participants who had used various weight loss medications, including older drugs like liraglutide and newer options such as semaglutide and tirzepatide. Participants typically remained on the medications for about 39 weeks, with follow-up assessments occurring approximately 32 weeks later. On average, those using semaglutide and tirzepatide lost 32.4 pounds, but the trend of weight regain was evident. Specifically, individuals regained an average of 21.8 pounds within a year, and most were estimated to return to their baseline weight within 1.5 years.
The researchers cautioned against using GLP-1 medications without a comprehensive approach to weight management. They noted that short-term reliance on these drugs could lead to disappointing long-term outcomes.
Common Pitfalls After Stopping GLP-1 Medications
A key issue for individuals considering discontinuation of GLP-1 medications is the absence of a robust plan for maintaining weight loss. Dr. Richard Siegel, co-director of the Diabetes and Lipid Center at Tufts Medical Center, emphasizes the importance of establishing a strong dietary and exercise regimen. He notes that the body is naturally inclined to regain lost weight, perceiving it as a survival mechanism.
Dr. Luis Medina Mora, an endocrinologist at Northwell’s Lenox Hill Hospital, identifies another common mistake: failing to adapt lifestyle habits. Many individuals mistakenly believe they can maintain their previous habits after the physiological appetite suppression provided by medication ends. He advises that adjustments are critical, especially during high-risk periods such as holidays or stressful events when cravings may increase.
An additional concern is the tendency for individuals to stop consulting their healthcare providers once they achieve their desired weight. Dr. Diana Huang, a family physician at Swedish Downtown Primary Care, warns that ongoing medical support is essential for sustaining weight loss. Patients often feel embarrassed about regaining weight and hesitate to seek help, which can hinder their long-term success.
Long-Term Considerations for Weight Management
The findings also suggest that some individuals may need to stay on GLP-1 medications long-term. Dr. Luis Medina Mora explains that weight loss results can vary widely among patients. Some may successfully taper off the medication after several months, while others might require ongoing treatment. He points out that the necessity for lifelong medication is not unique to obesity treatments; many people accept long-term medications for chronic conditions like heart disease and diabetes without hesitation.
Dr. Mir Ali, medical director at MemorialCare Surgical Weight Loss Center, highlights the challenges posed by insurance coverage. Patients who reach a healthy weight often find themselves ineligible for continued medication support due to changing insurance criteria. He advocates for ongoing consultations with healthcare professionals who can provide alternatives and support.
In light of these findings, individuals considering discontinuing GLP-1 medications are encouraged to adopt comprehensive strategies that include dietary planning, exercise, and regular consultations with healthcare providers. These measures can significantly improve the likelihood of maintaining weight loss and achieving long-term health goals.
