A recent study reveals that a blood test can predict the risk of developing dementia up to 25 years before a formal diagnosis. Conducted in the United Kingdom, the research emphasizes the importance of early detection in improving treatment options and overall quality of life for those at risk.
According to findings published in the European Heart Journal, higher levels of cardiac troponin—a protein released from damaged heart muscle—are linked to an increased risk of cognitive decline. The study involved nearly 6,000 middle-aged participants who had experienced minor heart muscle damage. Researchers monitored their cognitive function over two decades.
The blood test, typically used to assess heart attack risk and available online for approximately $89.95, showed that individuals with cardiac troponin levels exceeding 5.2 nanograms per liter exhibited lower cognitive function scores at age 80. This decline continued, with even worse scores observed a decade later at age 90. Furthermore, participants with elevated troponin levels also experienced a reduction in the volume of grey matter, critical for processing information, learning, and memory.
Link Between Cardiac Health and Cognitive Decline
The research highlights a concerning correlation: those with higher cardiac troponin levels were 18% more likely to undergo brain shrinkage as they aged. Notably, blood protein levels were consistently elevated even seven years prior to the onset of dementia symptoms in affected individuals.
Dementia typically manifests in a person’s 60s, yet early signs—such as memory issues and difficulties with attention—can emerge in their 40s. The findings suggest that a combination of blood tests, advanced imaging techniques, and cognitive assessments could potentially predict dementia risk up to 10 years before symptoms appear.
Several factors contribute to an individual’s risk profile, including age, family history, instances of stroke, and high blood pressure. Although there are no guaranteed methods to prevent dementia, addressing modifiable risk factors, such as quitting smoking and managing hearing loss, can play a pivotal role in reducing risk.
As the global population ages, understanding the relationship between cardiac health and cognitive decline becomes increasingly vital. This study underscores the potential of simple blood tests in identifying those at risk, enabling earlier intervention and improved care strategies. Enhanced awareness and proactive health management may ultimately lead to better outcomes for millions affected by dementia worldwide.
